The calculation above assumes a uniform beam depth profile. You need to now consider hotspots in the beam or other non-uniform depth profiles and approximately determine a greatest ability density.

β-BBO Crystal—a commonly utilized nonlinear crystal for frequency conversion while in the ultraviolet, obvious and around-infrared

While this general guideline offers a normal pattern, It's not at all a quantitative Assessment of LIDT vs wavelength. In CW programs, for instance, hurt scales more strongly with absorption within the coating and substrate, which won't always scale well with wavelength.

Beam diameter is additionally vital that you know when comparing destruction thresholds. Even though the LIDT, when expressed in units of J/cm², scales independently of location dimensions; large beam measurements are more likely to illuminate a larger variety of defects which may result in greater variances while in the LIDT [four].

Any contamination can degrade the optical general performance of the crystal and probably result in injury under large laser power. When storing BBO crystals, they should be positioned inside of a protective situation to circumvent Actual physical problems and dust accumulation.

Now Look at the utmost ability density to that that is specified because the LIDT for the optic. When the optic was tested in a wavelength besides your functioning wavelength, the destruction threshold must be scaled appropriately.

Determine 14 reveals a departure from a super polarization orientation for Kind-I SHG, in which the incident basic discipline incorporates a linear polarization but is rotated by a degree γ from your principal everyday axis .

It is often needed to concentrate the incident light-weight inside the crystal for SHG programs, given that productive generation of next harmonic light-weight involves higher peak intensities, including 109 W/cm2. When making use of femtosecond pulses with average energies during the nanojoule selection, getting the required peak website intensities can have to have modest focal places.

For the reason that refractive index does not differ linearly with frequency in dispersive crystals like β-BBO, it truly is impossible to optimally period match every frequency from the enter pulse's spectral array with the corresponding 2nd harmonic frequency inside the created pulse.

On top of that, spectroscopy, a method that’s fundamental in examining and being familiar with the Qualities of varied substances, reaps the benefits of BBO’s capabilities. Spectroscopy depends about the conversation amongst light-weight and issue to derive insights a few material’s composition, framework, along with other Attributes.

A: The wide transparency variety provides flexibility, letting BBO crystals to be used throughout a various variety of wavelengths and programs.

For beams that has a superior PRF both of those the average and peak powers should be compared to the equivalent CW electrical power. Additionally, for very transparent resources, There may be minor to no fall inside the LIDT with escalating PRF.

When an enter pulse's spectral selection is equal to or narrower in comparison to the reference pulse, the produced second harmonic pulse provides a duration that is certainly shorter by an element of 1/√two as well as a spectral width that is definitely broader by a factor of √2.

Era of deep ultraviolet radiation at 210 nm by Variety-I third harmonic technology is reached within a pair of BBO crystals with conversion effectiveness as substantial as 36%.